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  • The Seven Stages of Purification: A Theravāda Framework for Mental Cultivation

    Key Takeaways 1. Introduction In contemporary discussions of Buddhist practice, mental cultivation is sometimes presented as a form of therapy or personal development. While these framings may have practical value, they can obscure the traditional purpose of Buddhist practice: liberation from suffering and the cycle of rebirth. The Seven Stages of Purification [Satta Visuddhi] represent…

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  • Judgement, Non-Judgement, and Discernment in Buddhism: A Practical Guide for Modern Life

    Key Takeaways 1. Introduction Few topics in Buddhist practice generate as much confusion as the relationship between judgement, non-judgement, and discernment. A practitioner may hear a teacher say to observe thoughts without judgement, then open a sutta to find the Buddha clearly evaluating some thoughts as wholesome and others as unwholesome. A meditator may be…

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  • Critical Thinking, Intellectual Knowledge, and Buddhist Wisdom (Paññā/Prajñā) as Deep Experiential Insight

    Key Takeaways 1. Introduction Buddhism began more than two thousand five hundred years ago in northern India with the awakening of a man named Siddhattha Gotama, who became known as the Buddha, meaning the Awakened One. His teachings spread gradually across Asia and in recent decades have reached many parts of the Western world. People…

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  • The Four Stages of Enlightenment

    Introduction: The Buddhist Path to Liberation Buddhism, at its core, is a path of practice and spiritual development leading to insight into the true nature of reality. The ultimate aim of this path is the cessation of suffering (dukkha) and the attainment of a state of perfect peace and liberation called Nibbāna (in Pali) or…

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